The loader has fast operation speed, high efficiency, good maneuverability, and easy operation. It is one of the main types of earthwork construction in current engineering construction. It is generally distinguished from parameters such as weight, engine, accessories, speed range, and small turning outer radius. model. Different configurations have different labels, and the labels represent different models. When we choose, we must understand what our needs are, and only by choosing the right model can we make the best use of everything. Let’s take a closer look at the different models of loaders.
Commonly used single-bucket loaders are classified according to engine power, transmission form, walking system structure, and loading methods.
1. Engine power;
① Power less than 74kw is a small loader
②The power ranges from 74 to 147kw for medium-sized loaders
③Large loaders with a power of 147 to 515kw
④ Extra-large loaders with power greater than 515kw
2. Transmission form:
①Hydraulic-mechanical transmission, small impact and vibration, long service life of transmission parts, convenient operation, automatic adjustment between vehicle speed and external load, generally used in medium and large loaders.
②Hydraulic transmission: stepless speed regulation, convenient operation, but poor starting performance, generally only used on small loaders.
③ Electric drive: stepless speed regulation, reliable operation, simple maintenance, high cost, generally used on large loaders.
3. Walking structure:
①Tyre type: light in weight, fast in speed, flexible in maneuvering, high in efficiency, not easy to damage the road surface, high in ground specific pressure, and poor in passability, but it is widely used.
②The crawler type has low ground pressure, good passability, good stability, strong adhesion, large traction force, high specific cutting force, low speed, relatively poor flexibility, high cost, and easy to damage the road surface when walking.
4. Loading and unloading method:
① Front unloading type: simple structure, reliable operation, good vision, suitable for various work sites, and widely used.
The rotary working device is installed on a turntable that can rotate 360 degrees. It does not need to turn around when unloading from the side. It has high operating efficiency, but it has a complex structure, large mass, high cost, and poor lateral stability. It is suitable for smaller sites.
②The rotary working device is installed on the 360-rotatable turntable, and the side unloading does not need to be turned around. The operation efficiency is high, but the structure is complicated, the mass is large, the cost is high, and the side stability is poor. It is suitable for smaller sites.
③ Rear unloading type: front-end loading, rear-end unloading, high operating efficiency.
The shoveling and loading and unloading operations of the loader are realized through the movement of its working device. The working device is composed of bucket 1, boom 2, connecting rod 3, rocker arm 4, bucket cylinder 5, boom cylinder 6, etc. Whole working device dumpling is connected on the vehicle frame 7. The bucket is connected to the bucket oil cylinder through the connecting rod and the rocker arm to load and unload materials. The boom is connected to the frame and the boom cylinder to lift the bucket. The flipping of the bucket and the lifting of the boom are hydraulically operated.
When the loader is working, the working device should be able to ensure that: when the bucket cylinder is locked and the boom cylinder is lifted or lowered, the connecting rod mechanism will make the bucket move up and down in translation or close to translation to prevent the bucket from tilting and spilling materials. At any position, when the bucket rotates around the boom point for unloading, the inclination angle of the bucket is not less than 45°, and the bucket can be automatically leveled when the boom is lowered after unloading. There are seven types of structural types of loader working devices at home and abroad, that is, three-bar type, four-bar type, five-bar type, six-bar type, and eight-bar type according to the number of components of the connecting rod mechanism; Whether the steering of the output rod is the same is divided into forward rotation and reverse rotation linkage mechanism, etc.
Post time: Jun-09-2023